綜合報導
69
長
壽探秘
吳 莉
（研究員）
Wu Li
WHAT FACTORS MAKE US
OLD?
Apart from theoretical free
radicals, immuno-deficiency and
metabolic and nucleic acid
derangements, take care also to
avoid excessive food intake
leading to obesity, hypertension,
high blood lipids, coronaries,
diabetes.Too much cured meats
not only cause cancers (from
nitrosamines) but also make us
age, so do too much deep-fried
or moudy food. Impure water
has cadmium, mercury, arsenic,
aluminium, etc.; excessive
lead reduces our noradrenaline,
d o p a m i n e a n d 5 -
hydroxytriptamine (serotonin) in
the brain and impair our
mentality. Chronic constipation
may precipitate strokes, coronar-
ies and expose our body to tox-
ins in our stool. Sleep disorders
make us exhausted, our skin,
lose luster. Emotional imbalance,
sudden, profound shocks would
also make use age. Vaporize oil
at high-temperature frying re-
duces our immunity and may
even predispose to lung cancers.
Even traffic exhausts should be
avoided as they may lead to res-
piratory diseases. Take a well
balanced diet and more physical
exercises; avoid all physical
agents, e.g., noise, shock, infra-
red, lasers, micro-waves, radia-
tion exposure etc. - especially
ultra-violet that causes skin
cancers.
衰老是人類不可避免的自然規律，是生理機能的逐漸喪
失。人體的的衰老目前常見的幾種說法是自由基學說，免疫
系統衰退，新陳代謝的改變（核酸的改變，糖代謝的改變，
脂代謝的改變，能量代謝的改變），以及遺傳因素等。除上
述因素外環境因素和日常生活習慣也起著重要作用，只有充
分瞭解人類為什麼會衰老，才會更有意識地去抵禦和避免致
衰老因素對人體的侵襲，提高生活質量，延長無病健康期，
達到長壽的目的，那麼哪些因素使人衰老呢？
飲食因素
長期吃的太多、太飽、營養過剩會導致肥胖，誘發高血壓、
高血脂、冠心病、糖尿病等，這些老年性疾病都是容易導致人體
衰老。隨著生活條件的改善，長期飽食和營養過剩，對健康不但
沒有好處，而且會加速衰老。長期吃過飽，大腦代謝紊亂，大腦
因為缺氧而逐漸壞死，甚至腦組織萎縮，引起癡呆。長期飽食，
毒素損害人體，使大量食糜積累於腸道中來不及消化，被細胞分
解成有毒的代謝產物，這些毒物被吸收後可損害中樞神經系統，
導致思維遲鈍，智商降低。長期吃得太多太好，腸道負荷過重，
極大地增加了消化系統的負擔，引起消化不良，食物在腸道內腐
敗變質，會刺激腸壁，引起腸管擴張，功能衰退，還可能併發腸
癌。長期飽食，引發多種疾病，會使代謝紊亂、血液中的甘油三
脂和低密度脂蛋白增高，容易引起動脈硬化，並容易引發老年性
疾病。
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