58
醫
患互動
張宇
(內科主任醫生)
ZhangYu
制止
濫用
醫療費用
我國醫療衛生領域有兩個極端,一個是廣大農村人口、
城市弱勢群體看病難、看不起病;另一個就是過度醫療,大
處方、大檢查、藥物濫用和手術濫用的盛行。
過度醫療,顧名思義就是醫療的“過度”,是指醫療服
務提供者對患者進行不必要的診療活動消費。
這些原本不必要的檢查、治療,使患者不但要承受病痛
帶給自身、帶給家庭的不幸,還要承受這種極不合理的醫療
高消費帶來的經濟上的重壓,以及過度檢查、用藥、手術帶
來的“額外”傷害!
為此,我們有必要讓廣大讀者看清楚過度醫療的現狀和
它產生的原因,站在普通讀者的角度,為您分析怎樣減少發
生在自己身上的過度醫療,少花錢、少受痛苦,科學地看待
疾病、治療疾病。
過度醫療之害
一個普通的感冒,給你開最好最貴的抗生素;碰傷一下頭給
你來個CT、磁共振檢查;本可以順產的孕婦卻建議你進行剖腹
產;門診可以解決的問題卻要收入院治療;在已經失去治療時機
的晚期癌症患者身上進行費用昂貴的手術、化療⋯⋯
這些現象,相信我們很多人都瞭解或親身經歷過。過度醫療
並非只是浪費醫療資源那麼簡單,更主要的是它會對人們的身心
健康造成傷害。不該做的檢查做了,如果是無創的,僅僅是多花
了一些錢;如果是有創的,還要再承擔肉體上的痛苦。不該用的
藥用了,就可能因為藥物的毒副作用造成臟器損害、成癮依賴,
PUTTING A HALT TO LAVISH
MEDICAL EXPENSES
On medical expenditure,
one extreme is those who just
cannot afford; the other, lavish
spending - apart from financial
burden, even the body suffers
unnecessarily: (1) Healthcare
institutions boost business
(create unnecessary healthcare
scenarios) and reputation
(obsession to purchase ultra-
modern equipment); (2) Medical
doctors employ excessive inves-
tigations to protect against legal
litigation; (3) As patient manage-
ment is highly individualized,
some doctors choose to adopt
an "umbrella coverage" policy;
(4) Patients lack basic knowl-
edge on the basic aims of diag-
nostic or therapy means. Take
note of these scenarios: (1) Mr
Huang insisted on a "permanent
cure" for his "type II" diabetes
and wasted considerable funds
on false claims on such "cures"
- his diabetes only got worse; (2)
Xiao Li had wasted funds on
expensive medication and com-
prehensive radiological investi-
gations for reducing her mother's
suffering from chronic bronchitis;
(3) Xiao Zhong was misled to
believe his chronic hepatitis B
can be eradicated; (4) Filial chil-
dren insisted on chemotherapy
for their 70-year old father: worse
suffering from advanced stom-
ach cancer. Be prepared!