21
防治與護理
家
居護理
張芹玉
（蘇州大學附屬第一醫院護理部）
Zhang KinYu
MANAGEMENT AFTER A
SCALD
If not careful, scalds would
often occur, e.g., when bathing
kids, adding hot water before
cold water may well allow kids
to step in accidentally and get
scalded! Immediately rinse with
cold running tap water - this
serves to cool the scalded part
promptly and to ease the pain.
Scalds on the face may require
soaking with a cold sponge. Do
not remove clothing, socks or
shoes in a hurry, otherwise the
scalded skin may peel off upon
removing - after rinsing in cold
water, use scissors carefully if
required. Do not puncture blis-
ters unless they are too big or
occur at joints. Use simple
gauze for dressing, avoid any
applications, e.g., soy sauce,
toothpaste, gentian violet,
mercurochrome, etc.; for facial
scalds, dressing may not be
feasible. Go to a general hospi-
tal promptly and avoid eating or
drinking on the way unless the
scald is obviously very minor
when self management is ad-
equate - involving careful
dressing, avoiding puncturing of
blisters or applications, expo-
sure to the sun or scratching;
use pain killers if required, heal-
ing occurs in ~10 days; with
signs of infection, seek medical
help promptly. Above all, pre-
vention is better than cure!
!"#$%
日常生活中，皮膚燙傷屢見不鮮，尤其夏季，人們衣著
簡單，部分皮膚裸露在外邊，更易發生。如熱水瓶的爆破或
被打翻，沖開水時彼此相撞，孩子在廚房裡玩耍導致沸水燙
傷，或孩子在洗澡時誤入未加入冷水的熱水浴盆；最厲害的
是在高壓鍋燒煮米粥或綠豆湯時因汽閥失靈而造成嚴重的面
部蒸汽燙傷。萬一發生這些燙傷，先不要驚慌，一般採取
“沖、脫、泡、蓋、送”的方式。
1. 沖
以流動的自來水沖洗或浸泡在冷水中，冷水沖洗是最切實、
最可行的方法。沖洗時間越長越好，以達到皮膚快速降溫的目
的。起到止痛、減少滲液和腫脹作用，從而避免或減少水泡形
成。沖洗時間為半小時以上，面部等不能沖洗或浸泡的部位可用
冷敷。對於燙傷面積較大的老人或嬰幼兒，沖洗時間不可太長。
2. 脫
如果穿有衣服或鞋、襪部位被燙傷，千萬不要急忙脫去被燙
傷部位的鞋襪或衣服，否則會使皮膚表皮脫落，容易感染，延誤
