17
疾病防治
損傷皮膚；積極治療甲溝炎、足癬，如發現皮膚
發紅、腫脹、皮溫過高、疼痛或出現水皰應及時
就診。
⑵保持適宜的皮溫；睡眠時避免雙足暴露在過冷
處，不要貪涼，洗澡水溫度應控制在
36
°
C
左右，
不宜太高或太低，洗澡時間不宜超過
15min
。
⑶可通過適量的足部運動和按摩，促進足部血液循
環，預防糖尿病足的發生。
步行運動：
每天晚飯後快步行走
30min
，運動時以不
感覺足部疼痛宜，盡可能定時、定量，量力而行並
持之以恒。有高血壓、嚴重心肺功能不全等併發症
者則不宜參加。
按摩：
從趾尖開始向上到膝關節進行按摩，可加強
對足三里、三陰交、陽陵泉等穴位的按摩。動作要
輕柔，防止擦傷皮膚，早、中、晚各
1
次，
10min
／次。
腿部運動：
一隻腳踩在磚上另一隻腳提起，雙手扶
椅子，前後甩動提起的腳，甩動
10
次後腳尖著地，
Nursing the Diabetic Patient at Home
Although “sugarless” food items have sweeteners like xylitol instead of sugar, the good itself is starchy and would still raise
blood sugar levels. During festive seasons, increased food consumption may require your doctor’s advice on increased diabetic
control to prevent serious complications. Fruits like water melons, strawberries and grape fruits have fructose instead of sugars
– as insulin is not required for their metabolism, these may be taken, albeit in moderation. As dryness of mouth prevails in
autumn; there is no need to take too much water. Abstaining from the main staple diet (rice, noodles, etc.) does not allow free
intake of snacks – items like nuts are rich in fat and have twice the Calorie value as staple diets, let alone high cholesterols. Try
taking small, frequent, low-salt (<6 g/day), low fat, balanced diets. Consult your doctor for the appropriate physical exercises,
say, 0.5-1 hour; bring along the diabetic card and candies – just in case; after a meal, exercise 0.5-1 hour. Diabetics are prone
to foot abrasions; healing is delayed; avoid excessive cold – relevant to prevent diabetic foot. As life-long meticulous care is
required, join a group of diabetics.
踝關節按順時針、逆時針方向各旋轉
2
次，然後再交
換另一隻腳，重復做上述動作
20
次，
3
次／天。
最新研究表明，土豆對於預防糖尿病足有很好的效
果。土豆屬於薯類食物，含有膽甾烷衍生物茄堿及
龍葵堿，具有興奮平滑肌和加強血液流通的作用，
並有滲壓及抗真菌的作用，可在短時間內使水腫消
退或消失；另外土豆內還富含維生素
B2
，參與糖、
蛋白質、脂肪的代謝，可保護皮膚免受炎症的侵
害。土豆外敷無任何不良反應，而且經濟實用，簡
便易行，安全有效，無任何痛苦。
糖尿病是一種終身性疾病，需要終身治療，廣大的
糖友們要在醫護人員的指導下，在堅持規範的藥物
治療的同時，還應重視持之以恒的飲食控制、運動
治療和足部護理，要廣結病友，相互交流經驗、相
互支援、相互鼓勵，並積極參加各項有益身心的活
動，如參加醫院或社區組織的糖尿病患者俱樂部
等，讓自己在與糖尿病的鬥爭中不再感到孤獨和恐
懼。
