34
豆中的鐵蛋白基因取出，然後植入土壤桿菌，並利用
這種轉基因桿菌感染水稻植株，使水稻也具有這種高
鐵量基因。據分析，這種轉基因水稻大米鐵含量比一
般大米高出
2
倍左右，只要三餐食用這種米就能滿足人
體每天需鐵量的
30
％∼
50
％。
10. 防動脈硬化米
日本利用轉基因技術，借助於土壤桿菌把大豆球蛋白
基因植入水稻中培育而成的大米，能提高大米中大豆
球蛋白及賴氨酸含量，大豆球蛋白能降低血中膽固醇
含量，防止動脈硬化。
11. 富含維生素A米
國際水稻研究所應用現代生物技術克隆合成維生素
A
或維生素
A
前體基因移入水稻植株，培育出的大米富
含維生素
A
，可望成為低成本藥品的載體，從而給因
嚴重缺乏維生素
A
而患眼病的人們帶來福音。瑞士科
學家通過在稻穀植株中加入三種基因，最終培育出富
含β－胡蘿蔔素轉基因稻穀，食用這種米後，米中β
－胡蘿蔔素可在人體內轉換成維生素
A
。
12. 強化米
美國生產的強化米是將大米吸足含維生素
B1
、
B2
、煙
酸、鐵的溶液，再在米粒表面塗上含玉米朊等不溶性
蛋白的酒精溶液薄膜，冷水淘米時米中的維生素不會
流失，蒸煮米時薄膜融化，營養素能均勻擴散到米飯
中。
13. 葉綠素米
美國用一定比例的葉綠素水溶液噴霧到大米表層或浸
泡，再經乾燥製成的葉綠素米呈綠色，在宴席上可增
添情趣和食欲。
14. 蘋果米
美國利用蘋果膠和大米粉製成蘋果米，產品為微黃
色，具有蘋果香味和高度吸濕性。蘋果米可製作成餡
芯，做為餡餅和富含維生素麵包的餡料。
15. 人參米
韓國新近開發成功的人參米將當地產大米和人參液混
合烘乾而成，可長期保存，並且可以㞝吃。煮飯時只
要在米中加入
20
克人參米，便做成可口的人參米飯。
熱門話題
UNVEILING THE MYSTERY OF "SUPER RICE"
The new "germinated unpolished rice" is on sale on the market, but its price is at more than ten times that of ordinary rice - this
is really a "super rice" or a "living rice". "germinated unpolished rice" has many different species; largely, they have more fibre;
moreover, with germination, their amino acid (basic building blocks of protein) content is three times higher than ordinary germinated
rice, as 70% of the nutrition resides in the sprout that is lost during the process of polishing. One wonders if this could just be a
gimmick copied from others countries. In fact, it started in Japan where hybrid technologies had come up with a new species of
rice, after processing, it was sold as "super rice" on the market. Many species exist: some have more or less amylose content,
alcohol-soluble protein content, increased husk content or the oil content of the sprout, etc., let alone the external presentation,
taste and fragrance and other "flavour of the month" rice grains. In short, as rice is our staple diet, no matter how "super" is the
rice, it's basic function is to satisfy hunger, a basic, daily necessity that need not have intonations of luxury especially with such
unaffordable prices.
