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Wang Shang-Cheng
PREVENTION
OF
MICROCEPHALY
AND
IMPAIRMENT
OF
INTELLECTUAL
FUNCTION
AND
HEARING.
Cytomegalic inclusion dis-
ease (ClD)
is
a
viral
infection
which
affects
man
at all ages beginning
with the time of
conception.
The
infection
is
apreaded world-widely
and
the virus,
cytomegalovirus
(CMV) belongs to
the
herpes vi-
rus
family.
This
virus
persists
in
the
host for a long time when
it
in-
fected
the
host. CMV
is
usually
excreted in saliva and
urine.
Breast
milk and
feces
may also
transmit the
infection.
The
mani-
festations
are
nonspecific and may
vary according to
the
principal or-
gan involved, including abortion,
premature delivery and encepha-
litis
with microcephaly, impairment
of
intellectual function and hear-
ing
etc.
Microcephaly
is a
condi-
tion
in which
the
head or cranial
capacity is
abnormally
small.
Close and prolonged contact
is
necessary
for
transmission
of
CMV infection.
Carrier with latent
infection of CMV may massively
contaminate
the
environment.
Transplacental transmission
of
CMV produces congenital infec-
tion, while perinatal
infection
may
follow
exposure to the
virus
in
the
infected cervix uteri during deliv-
ery.
lt has been estimated
that
in
totalapproximately
four
millions
infants are
transmitted congenital
and
perinatal infection
of
CMV
each year
in
China.
However
no
specific therapies are
available,
and
pYevention is
therefore
more
important
than treatment.
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62
