保健 - 第105期 - page 13

13
疾病防治
຅್dᎇഹ ڐ ϋԸࢗ᎕ᐖٙ೯षଟʔᓙɪʺdʔˇ
਷࢕eήਜ࿁ࢗ᎕ᐖ ߴޥٙટ၇ࣛගආБə׳ᄱf
࠰ ಥ㠛͛໇׵ 2010 ϋਗ਼̬ᄆࢗ᎕ᐖߴޥ ٙቇ͜ϋᙧ
͟ 9~25 ๋׳ᄱЇ9~45๋iዦɽлԭ FDA ɰʊਗ਼ߴޥ
ٙቇ͜ϋᙧ׳ᄱЇ 45๋iߕ ਷4 ᄆߴޥٙ͛ ਠͦۃ ͍
ίΣߕ ਷࠮ۜၾᖹ္ۜຖ၍ଣ҅€FDA ͡ሗਗ਼ߴޥ
ٙટ၇ϋᙧ׳ᄱЇ45 ๋f
是否所有女性都適合打宮頸癌疫苗？
ೌሞ΂Оٙ ߴޥேϞ޴࿁ٙຫҚɛ໊dɿࢗ᎕ᐖཫ
ԣ০͵݊νϤdϞ˸ɨઋرٙɛɻ݊ʔቇٙ͜j
1. ί๟௪ࠅʃ܀ձʊᕿ̳€߰݊ʊ຾ක֐Դ͜ߴޥٙ
ɛ໊dۆ̀඲ί ܝ ˙ঐᘱᚃء࢛ٙɛ໊
2. Ϟ ܢ ׌ᘌࠠ೯ደ׌शष א݊Ϟ༰ɽෆɹٙɛ໊Ꮠ
ίɪࠑ सً༆Ӕܝ˙̙ᘱᚃ
3. ࿁჏͎eஐͣሯᗳϞཀઽ̦ٙ
4. ߴޥϓʱϞཀઽˀᏐٙɛ໊
5. ʊ຾Ϟ᐀ީeࢗ᎕ᐖe̮௕ձᐖۃ षᜊٙઃ٫
˸ɪ݊੬ԈٙʔԴ͜ɛ໊dШΪϞ ࡈ ᜗ࢨମdᒔ݊
ί፯኿̘ء ࢛ٙɛɻ΋̘ፔ༔ɓɨਖ਼ุɛɻf
宮頸癌疫苗的費用及流程？
ਖ਼࢕ ڌͪdટ၇ߴޥ Ꮠ׵ʬࡈ ˜lzʱ3ϣ ء ࢛dʱй
݊ୋɓኒᎇዚࣛගdୋɚኒ݊ୋɓኒ ܝ ɚ ࡈ ˜dୋ
ɧኒ݊ୋɓኒٙܝʬ ࡈ˜€௰λၚᆽՑ˚f
ͦ ۃ dΌଢϞ 58ࡈ ਷࢕ਗ਼ࢗ᎕ᐖॶɝə਷࢕໾൨d
ɰϞ޴຅ε਷࢕ॶɝ ڡˇϋеࠇޥྌfШਖ਼࢕ཫ಻d
͟׵ࢗ᎕ᐖԨʔၑ݊ ܢ ׌ෂݑ षᇍᖚdуԴ ߴޥɪ
̹d೵ಂlzִ݁ɰʔึආБ໾൨אॶɝᔼڭf
ᒱ್dࢗ᎕ᐖ ߴޥί਷lzٙᄆࣸ֠͊੻ٝdШ̙͜
࠰ ಥజᄆਂਞϽd࠰ ಥήਜٙࢗ᎕ᐖ މߒߴޥ1500
ʩಥ࿆ɓ০d͂ҁ3০ც൬ڀࠅ3000Ց4000ʩʔഃf
為何會出現二價、四價宮頸癌疫苗？
ν؈ ಀί਷̮͂ཀࢗ᎕ᐖߴޥdЫึᛓՑᔼ͛༔ਪd
݊ซ͂ɚᄆ ߴޥᒔ̬݊ᄆ ޥ k މ ОึϞɚᄆձ̬ᄆ
ʘʱճk
ਖ਼࢕ڌ ͪdͦۃʊ຾ᛡ֛ٙ HPVष ൴ݭཀ 200၇dၾ
ࢗ᎕ᐖ޴ᗫٙ৷ΚۨఱϞɤ఻၇dՉʕd70%~75%
ٙࢗ᎕ᐖே݊Ϊމ ช ݑə HPV-16אHPV-18 dΪϤd
Ͻᅇπί ߴޥܵɮ׌ձϓ͉ࣖूഃਪᕚdɚᄆߴޥ
̥݊০࿁HPV-16ձ HPV-18dϾՉʕ̬ᄆ০ߴޥ࿁ٙ
݊০࿁HPV-6e HPV-11e HPV-16 ձHPV-18வ 4ۨष
ݭfϤϣd਷lzҭ๟ٙࢗ᎕ᐖ᙮ߴޥ׵ɚᄆߴޥf
接種宮頸癌疫苗會有副作用嗎？
ɭԫேϞᕐࠦ׌dϾટ၇ࢗ᎕ᐖ ߴޥ͵݊νϤd༈
ߴޥ͵݊Ϟ޴ᗫٙʔԄˀᏐdЇʦ೯ତٙϞ೯ደe
ЪྕeัॅdЄЂೌɢʿ௦ຌd א݊ˢ༰ჀฆٙϞ
ൗ࢛௅Ӟତ ߎ ऽe໕ദʿ़೨d ೯א ͛ཀઽˀ
ᏐfШ͟׵༈ ߴޥሖ͛Դٙࣛ͜ගʔ݊ڗܘd ה ˸
ᅰኽ̙ঐʔ݊ ܘ Όࠦd߰̈ତᗳЧʔቇd௰λʿࣛ
ఱൢf
ܝ௰dਖ਼࢕ ܔ ᙄdуԴʊટ၇ߴޥdʥ̀඲֛ಂආ
Бࢗ᎕୚ ߤ Ꮸ᜕dவʑ݊ཫԣࢗ᎕ᐖٙ௰Գ˙ج f
ܔᙄ 21๋˸ɪ̥ࠅ Ϟ׌͛ݺ ٙɾ׌d࣬ኽ຾᏶ૢ΁d
ӊ1~3 ϋਂɓϣࢗ᎕෩˪୚ߤ ኪᏨݟ d25๋˸ɪٙɾ
׌̙˸ஷཀHPVᏨ಻ਂڋጜf
HPV Vaccines for Cervix Cancer Made Clear
As cancer of the cervix (neck of the womb) being caused by the human papilloma virus (HPV), vaccines against the HPV prevents
the cancer. Yet, with >15 HPVs causing the cancer, the bi-valent HPV vaccines (covering only HPV-16, 18) cannot protect against
cancers caused by other HPVs. If already infected by HPV, preventive vaccines may be ineffective. Also, more data are anticipated on
the ultimate effectiveness in future years. The WHO opts for the vaccine for those aged 9-26, yet, the younger the more effective, e.g.,
11-12 especially those sexually inactive. The vaccine is contraindicated in those with: (1) Pregnancy / planning to conceive (2) Fever /
acute infections / unhealed wounds (3) Allergy to yeast / proteins (4) Allergies to the vaccine (5) Genital warts / cervical precancerous
lesions. The schedule of injection is: after the first one, the second one is at 2 months; the third one, at 6 months. 58 Countries are
offering subsidized HPV vaccination; but it’s unlikely to be covered by medical insurance. In Mainland China, although the Tetra-valent
HPV vaccine (covering HPV-16, 18, 6 and 11) are available, the bi-valent vaccine is the one that is duly approved currently. Above all,
note well, even after vaccination, Pap smears are still required periodically.