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WHATYOU NEEDTO
KNOW
ABOUT "TEST.TUBE BABIES''
According
to
WHO,
amongst
couples
in
the reproductive
age,
around
'loo/o a'ta
infertile. As
treatment is
usu-
ally
rather diflicult,
in
vitro fertilization
(lVF), or "test-tube
baby" programmes
have become more
and
more popular.
IVF is to take out
the
ova (egg)
lrom
the wife and sperms from the husband
for fertilization at
the
laboratory, let
it
develop for
a
while and
then
re-implant
it
to the womb lor growth and childbirth.
The
first
"test-tube baby"
was
tried
in
'1978 in
the
UK.
ln general, the success
rates of IVF are not high -
in
the
region
of
30-4oo/o.
Test-tube
babies
have
a
457" chance
of
twins and
a
30% higher
chance
of
premature
birth.
Subsequently, in
1992,
the
direct
sperm
injection technique of "intracytoplasmic
sperm
injection"
(lCSl)
was developed
especially
for
those husbands with
in-
adequate sperms
because of
obstruc-
tive
causes. Further development ol IVF
include "Preimplantation genetic
diag-
nosis" (PGD) that allows singling out
of
unaffected
IVF
embryos
for
establish-
ing
pregnancies
in
couples
at
significant
risks of
transmitting genetic
disorders.
However, ethical issues come
in as
this
may
be
conceived as killing
of a
human
being at
its
onset. One of the many IVF
specialists should be consulted if
an
apparently
infertile
couple wishes
to
find
out
if
they
are
really
infertile
and,
if so,
the
various options.
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