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Chen Zhi-Han
BEWARE
OF
SECONDARY
HYPERTENSION
IN THE
YOUNG
When no underlying causes for
hypertension can
be
found, hyperten-
sion
is
classilied as "essential", but
in
5-10%
of
hypertensive
patients
younger
than 40 years, causes may
be
found
and
the
hypertension
is
then classified
as "secondary".
Examples
are
glomerulonephritis
(an
abnormal inflam-
mation
of
the
kidney),
pyelonephritis
(in-
fection
of
the kidney drainage system),
diabetic nephritis
(complication of
diabetes affecting the
kidney).
ln
the
adrenal glands, pheochromocytomas
would
cause hypertension,
fever,
high
blood sugar and cholesterol
levels,
excessive sweating and heart beats,
etc.
Cushing's syndrome resulting from
excessive
secretion
of
adrenal
hormones would also produce hyper-
tension, low blood potassium,
high
blood sugar levdls, trunkal obesity, ex-
cessive thirst and general weakness,
etc.
Hypertension associated
with
pregnancy
is
much
more
obvious
and
easy
to
diagnose but coarctation
of
aorta (congenital nanowing
of
the main
artery)
is much more difficult to detect.
With successful treatment of underly-
ing causes
of
"secondary" hyperten-
sion,
hypertension can
thus
be
cured.
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