癌症防治
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35
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ܘ
ɽٙ҅ࠢdІҢᏨ
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ɰʔঐ˾ಁᔼ৫ආБᏨ˸ʿ
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How to Detect Early Breast Cancer?
Breast cancers may be painless, solitary, with vague margins and tethered, occasionally with nipple discharge, inversion and “peau
d'orange” (orange peel) appearance, or just armpit lymph nodes: “occult primary”. As the cure rate of stage I breast cancer is 80-90%,
detect it early: (1) Recognize early cancers are commoner: constitute 2/3 of the natural development but detection relying solely on
palpation may miss early cancers (2) If predisposing factors are present, intensive screening is required (a) Note family history, e.g.,
mother and sister(s) (b) Early menarche or late menopause (c) Non-child bearing up to 40 (c) Past history of breast cancer on one side (3)
Note any abnormalities: (a) Nipple discharge, e.g., bloody discharge in those >50 years (b) Persistent localized glandular hypertrophy (c)
Persistent eczema of the nipple: Paget’s disease (d) Persistent localized pain (e) Nipple areola swelling; nipple retraction and localized
skin tethering (4) Regular self-examination of breasts (SEB) (5) SEB 9-11 days after menses (6) Annual mammography: age >35. You
can’t be too careful!
