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Xu
Liang Zhong
ALCOHOL AND CANCERS
Of all cancers, approximately 5%
of
them can be linked to drinking. lt has
been found
that alcohol increases
the
risks ol developing cancers
of
the back
of
the oral
cavity (oropharynx),
the
voice
box (larynx) and swallowing tract
(oesophagus) cancers, especially when
the subiect also smokes at the same
time.
This
is because
the
carcinogenic
(cancer causing) substances contained
in
cigarettes dissolves readily
in alco-
hol
and their action
is
enhanced. About
113
lo
213
of
oropharyngeal cancers
have history of alcohol consumption.
The relationship between alcohol
and
liver
cancer
is
very close
- apparently,
there
is a
dose-response
relationship.
The
lnternational Agency for Research
on Cancer recognizes that alcohol-con-
taining drinks
as
a
whole
is
carcinogenic. The Journal of
the
Na-
tional
Cancer
lnstitute
(US) reported
that drinking
is related
to
higher
hor-
mone blood levels in the female and
may increase breasl cancer risks.
Of
particular interest
is
that Oriental Races
have
less of the
enzyme
alcohol
dehygrogenase that detoxifies alcohol,
e.9., in
Chinese,
the
enzyme
is
only
present in half
of
the population so that
drinking
would have
a
much more pro-
tound carcinogenic effect
-
up
to
10
times
higher
than those with the
full
quota of the enzyme.
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