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Chang-Shan
HAVEYOU
GOT
DIABETES?
Symptoms
of
diabetes are exces-
sive food intake, water drinking
and
urination and weight loss.
However,
patients often seek help
late,
e.9., upon
worsening
of
symptoms
or
till appear-
ance
of
unexplained
infections;
itchiness of the genitals (in lemales);
visual disturbance;
body
swelling
due
to kidney failure; gangrene
of
the lower
limbs;
coma
due
to
uncontrolled blood
sugar levels. For early
diagnosis,
glucose tolerance
test is
useful
-
a
loading amount of glucose
is
fed
and
blood taken
for
blood sugar
level
changes. Urine sugar has
its
limitations
because sugar appears
in
the urine
only
on exceeding
the
kidney
threshold.
Glycoselated haemoglobin
is
a
useful
and simple blood test
-
it
reflects the
level
of
blood sugar in the past
2-3
months. Other tests are
the
insulin
release
test for the
availability
of
insulin secretion upon a loading
dose
of
glucose
-
useful
to
confirm
insulin-dependent diabetes;
similarly,
C-peptide
release
test is to test
the
availability
of this
"companion"
of
insulin. With
all
these, the management
of
diabetes
is
taking
a
significant
step
forward.
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