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Guo-Shu
THE MANAGEMENT
OF
HEART FAILURE
IN
THE
ELDERLY
Primary heart
failure
refers
to
those arising from coronaries,
high
blood
pressure,
chest infection,
rheu-
matic heart disease, etc.; secondary
ones
refer to those from anaemla, thy-
roid
gland
over-actlvity,
etc.
In
the
eld-
erly,
chest
inlection
is
the most com-
mon cause but others are over
exer-
tion, extreme stress or emotional dis-
turbance,
irregular heart beats or even
inappropriate venous fluid therapy
or
medication
as
far as
heart
lailure
is
concerned. Left
heart failure
typically
presents as "orthopnoea"
-
sudden
waking up
at
night, breathless and hav-
ing
to
sit
up for a
while before regain-
ing
the breath; management
starts
with
sitting
up
with both legs
in
dependent
positions as well as
oxygen
inhalation.
Right heart failure
typically
presents as
swelling
of dependent
parts of
the
body; management starts with diuret-
ics
to get
rid of the excessive fluids.
Prevention
consists of strict control of
high blood
pressure,
chest
infection,
undue tiredness,
stress
and
anaemia.
Stop smoking
and
excessive drinking.
Taking
a
nutritious but low
salt
diet and
adopting
a regular living habit would
go a
long
way
in prevention
of
heart
failure.
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