保健 - 第79期 - page 7

5
शषԣط
TUMOUR VACCINES: THEWAY AHEAD
As Pasteur's vaccine had successfully prevented death from rabies of dog bites, tumor vaccines are for cancer therapy; yet,
results are inconsistent except anecdotal cases, e.g., San Diego's Laura Abrams had disseminated melanoma controlled by an
experimental tumour vaccine made by Malcolm Mitchell of Los Angeles. At the Montreal University, T-cells were primed against
selected antigens expressed by haematopoietic cancerous target cells in the bone marrow - potentially useful for treating leu-
kaemia (blood cancer). In USA, a melanoma vaccine M-Vax, from patients' tumour cells enhanced recognition by immunity -
tumour regressed; survival prolonged. At the St George's Hospital, London, Dalgleish developed dendritic cell-based tumor
vaccines. Recombinant DNA technology in the '90s was a boost but it is a long while before attaining a standard modality of
treatment, as there is poor expression of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) on the surface of cells. "Cunning" cancer
cells make tumour vaccines unlikely to be a panacea therapy nor to replace traditional treatments. Yet, cancer treatments will be
better in 25 years' time.
ࣂංʑగӷ˞ውೕ౨ٽЛދ ʦᎶcԚົᆔനᐛe஝༦
ྦྷᅕɊΊય౨ඣϳॖᆔ੩ّ౨ݯ9α།ؿᔙሁ݅עٲc
ኬ᛽Φݠ ଅ༠85%cԎ˘τ80%੩ؿّ̰ˮଊᏼనೕ
ଊോeϊ̔cᄨਝd ߜਝdڜᖓ౜೩ਝؿ ޫነࡼɖΕ
ᏼटޢؿߛދӠʿࠍ Յ੡ȿณ൬ؿࢄe
ᑗґᏐ͜΂ࠠ༸Ⴣ
С͂ߛދ؝ᏻᏼटcၤඨ଻ᏻؒޚˈԮτ؝ᏻᓯ௰d
৹А͂ɩdᏻࢽྵ֛೩᎚ᒨeܰ̚С͂੩ّϬӸؿ Л
ދ ɈԞ؝ᏻᏼटc஝༦೽੩ّ؇ࢂᏼटߛދcውೕЛ
ދ ୀߋ ҞᎾᏼୀߋc੣Ϥ༠Էొঢ়ϬӸЛދɈdࣱ฾
ᏼୀؿߋ͌ ؿeᏼट ؿߛދ஛Ԓऋᒨ۾ሬ΋Ꮆྦྷ൙Ԟ
൙ঢ়ؿ ᏼटೕञଅe
൬Ƀ20 ˖޵90αˤcਥΐࠇ ୂҌ୺dҊົᆔЛދଉሃ
ؿ ೕࢄcݯ ᏼटޢؿߛދӠ՗඀ೕొԜȿૈͧeЎ͌
ک ̟௿ɐᑹӀτभ̳؝ᏻ෮ຮɐؿᏼटߛދଐ ۂcɺ
ʭᏼट ߛދ̋ܰ୮Εᐽѷ໰᛻ֶЩੀɐ̟ؿආ ݒeਿ
ࡼႏݯ cभ̳ॶਪ؝ᏻᏼटޢߛދؿႇcᑹτؿٽ۾
༏߬Ӷe
ົᆔߛދ ੣ξ౨ڈؿ ऋଔֲߛދ ೕ
ࢄԷʌʨؿົᆔҊ ࡈऋଔֲߛދh੣ɐ˖޵ 90αˤٱ
˞ਥΐ࠳ ཚົᆔୀݯߋਥᓣߛދؿ ೕࢄԷଊΕ˞ኹޯ
رୀ ݯߋਥᓣؿົᆔҊ ࡈऋଔֲߛދc஭ၤʗɥ́ذ
ነdЛދ ነʥਥΐᔝଫҌ୺ؿ ೕࢄ਽ʘޚᗐe͌ کc
߬ొঢ়ᏼटؿߛދ ऋଔֲ՗ᏻࢽcτడ࠯ਐᕀֆ൬ۿ
ȹү໬Һi੩ّ᛽ʑؿ ົᆔݯ ʇფɺॶقઅ႖ኒዀ᛽
ؿҊົᆔЛދ ʦᎶj஛˿ॶၤົᆔ੩ّؿЛ ދॠாֶ
੩ّTୀ ໔ڌߋඨኒ჋ᖄτᗐhົᆔܰΣЄীᑷዀ᛽ؿ
Лދဟ഼ؿj஛˿ॶͅົᆔୀؿߋMHC༠ٲಕГdᔝ
༜Ҋࡈೡβॠ˜˞ʥτԒົᆔଐ́ؿܺိୀ ߋॖқԹ
ѫ஫ֶͲӸЛދʦᎶֺኒߎe̊̔cͅ כɁᗘົᆔι
ʗᇲᔵcົᆔҊ༠ٲࡈ ɺяȹcగ˿ॶ჏߬͂Λိົ
ᆔҊࡈЛ ދcɷॶ႖ೕ੩ّؿτࢽЛދʦᎶe
҈ࠨ Ꮆ໮তϾȹᒨcಲሃΣЄcߛދЛ ދ؝ᏻ஭ɺผ
Յˤඨ଻؝ᏻʿؒe೸ྦྷɺผ̋τȹိᏼट؝ᏻؒe
ߛދԎɺܰຒॶᏻؒc̚ࠨԎɺܰྦྷֺτؿ Ɂdֺτ
ᗘؿێᏼट஭঴А͂eົᆔীᑷЛދӡ଻ؿ ʿؒΛိ
Λᅚcֺ˞cΕ؝ᏻᏼटࣂc҈ࠨ Ꮆ໮ܫ߬Ԛ͂ ߛދ
ɖ߬Ԛ͂ʝነ؝ᏻdי ࢂ؝ᏻd̔ޫʹ୺؝ᏻdɻᔢ
ɻᖞ؝ᏻ೩ʿؒe҈ࠨ ̦඘ϣᄬԷֺτؿ ˿ॶֲe
Σ׮႓೶࣏ञᙔכ 19˖޵ؿझञcԅფᏼट ڬܰᙔכ
20˖޵d 21˖޵ؿ झञeɖஈ̷Ⴉɺผτȹိ௰ዟؿ
ᏻؒcЩȹိᖞॶਪԚֺτؿ ᏼट੩ّ੖నeЎᏻࢽ
ҡΡؿณᖞذ ˿શΕ25 αɾʑਐ˖cЩԚɺॶ؝ᏻͲ
஫ᏼटcྦྷɣ஫ʗᏼटɖผτࢽeɊαɾʑc҈ࠨੀ
ॶਪʗ׹ᛰଔؿਥΐcಳ܃ৌྦྷऋցؿ ົᆔԹցˮਿ
ؿپ؝ᏻʿ࣐eΕ2l ˖޵c҈ࠨ ˿ॶɺผ؝ᓞֺτؿ
ᏼटcЎܰ҈ࠨτፒؒ˿˞۾ ΡΔၤ̚౨ٽࠨͳΦe