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Liu Shan
ADVANCES ON
TREATMENT OF
PARKINSON'S
DISEASE
Parkinson's
disease
is
common among
middle
to
old
age people. Main
symptoms
are trembling, muscle
rigidity,
difficulty in walking and prob-
lems
with
balance
and
coordination.
There
is
a
demon-
strable decrease
ol
dopamine
in parts
of
the
brain and
treat-
ment
is to
increase
its
concentrations,
e.9., by L-dopa.
Unfortunately, L-dopa may be-
come
less effective as the dis-
ease slowly progresses, espe-
cially
when new
symptoms
develop.
Newer drugs,
e.9.,
ropinirole
and
pramipexole
work
by
mimicking the action of
dopamine; other drugs
retard
dopamine degradation enzyme
suppression. Stem cell trans-
plant work
is
ongoing; the
main
difficulty
is cells
lose their
dopaminergic
characteristics
after
transplantation.
Deep
brain stimulation is
implanting
on
the patient pacemaker-like
units
transmiting electrical
im-
pulses to
electrodes deep
in
the
brain (subthalamic
nucelus),
thus simulating thalamotomy or
pallidotomy, operations often
perlormed
for
Parkinson's
disease. Thus, gradually, more
and more treatment modalities
are available as viable options
for the treatment
of
this rather
debilitating disease.
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32
