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Yang GlingYao
ATYPICAL PNEUMONIA AND
THE
CORONAVIRUSES
Atypical pneumonia
is not
caused
by bacteria but by
microorganisms,
e.9., Virus, Chlamydia, Mycoplasma,
etc., that are sensitive
not
to antibiotics
but
to
interferons.
Viruses attach
to
"host"
cells, e.9., of
man, animals,
plants,
fungi,
algae, etc.
Viruses
are
small and seen only with an electron
microscope: a
core
containing
nucleic
acids
DNA
or
RNA,
sunounded
by
the
protein
capsid,
in
turn,
covered
by a lipid
membrane
-
the envelope. After attach-
ment to cells, the nucleic acid goes into
the
cell
and
makes many
copies
rapidly producing an explosive number
of
new-born
viruses, each would,
in
turn, attach
to
another cell,
causing
rapid symptom development.
Discov-
ered
in
the
60s,
coronaviruses
have
a
shape
of
a crown. They
can
exist for
years
under
cold storage and multiply
rapidly but are destroyed by alcohol,
acid and high temperature
(in
10
minutes).
ln
humans, they commonly
infect
the respiratory tract, spreading by
droplets; sometimes, they
infect the gut,
spreading through
the
feces.
The
coronavirus responsible
for
the present
epidemic
of
SARS
is an
entirely
unknown new strain so that the specific
blood diagnostic
tests,
effective
treatment, and vaccine for
prevention
have
to
be developed
from
scratch.
As
vaccine development takes at least
a
year,
medicines
like PSP that
stimulates
the
endogenous production
of
interferon may have adjunct value over
the usual practice of strict
isolation,
meticulous environmental and personal
hygiene
and
healthy lifestyle.
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