Ssma
*,
sF
An
Ping
*;-,
-t
Li Shan
GENE
RESEARCH.THE
PRESENT
ANDTHE
FUTURE
ln the 50's, a Nobel Prize went
to
2
scientists who discovered the "double
helix"
(spiral staircase-like) arrange-
ment
of DNA holding
the
genetic codes.
ln less
than
50
years, around
100,000
genes consisting of 3 billion base pairs
arranged
in a very
specific order
have
been
mapped out. Such highly
signifi-
cant
advances, though
still in its
infancy,
may
hold the
future
key
to longevity and
disease control. Chromosomes
are
larger structures
in
the cells and con-
sist
of
a
large
number
of
DNA
molecules. Genes are responsible for
the design of countless proteins and
enzymes vital for all the complex
func-
tions of the
body.
Their deficiency,
e.
9.,
certain defective genes signify
a
pre-
disposition to cancer but do not neces-
sarily mean cancer has
established
itself.
ln
its
infancy,
clinical gene
man-
agement has
been
applied successfully
to
a
limited number of diseases, e.9.,
cystic
fibrosis
and
certain immuno-de-
ficiency states.
Unsuccessful gene
therapies may even
lead
to death ol the
patient and
has
already cast doubt
on
its
viability. Nevertheless, much
ol
these
initial
failures just signify that our knowl-
edge on the gene
is
still rather elemen-
tary but, given time, we are sure that
the
luture
of
gene therapy
is
very bright
and
may
well
be
the
key of
future
medicine.
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