IL
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Yu
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Li
t
Shan
THE MYSTERY OF
H
UMAN.TO.HUMAN
TRANSMISSION
Chicken
flu
may
wipe out
chicken
flocks;the
HSN1
virus
requires
an enzyme
found only
in
the gut of birds but not
in
the
human
lung. But,
the
1st
human
infection
of
H5N1
virus had already occurred
in
a
Hong Kong
kid
in
1997. Without
any
immunity, any human-to-human spread
is
truly disastrous.
ln
1970,
with
a favorable
"room temperature" of 41o C,
the
gut
of
the
Ukaine duck
was found to be
harbor-
ing
the
chicken flu
virus. With mutation,
it
is now more aggressive, but,
to
achieve
humanto-human transmission, the
avian
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flu virus must overcome
the
human immune system; survive well at a much lower "room temperature"
of
33-
34o
C of
the our respiratory system; adhere effectively to human cells and copy itself repeatedly inside these
cells.
With
receptors
for
both human and avian flu
viruses
in
the
respiratory passages,
the
pig is
a
very
convenient "mixing vessel"
for
human and avian
flu
viruses
to
combine
to
enable
human-to-human
transmission! ln China, the common practice of mixing
of
ducks and chickens provides
a
convenient "transit"
for
the chicken
flu. 2
categories
of
drugs are available
for
treatment: amantadine
/
remantadine
and
zanamivir
/
oseltamivir
-
with different side effects. Fortunately, China has now achieved
a
vaccine
for
the
high pathoge-
nicity
HSN1
virus;
in
Vietnam, the code
of
the H5N1
has
also been broken
and
the results
of
a
rapid blood
test
for avian
flu
is now available
within
12
hours.
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32
