保健 - 第108期 - page 33

33
健康話題
Excessive Use of CT Scans: Harmful to Health
Although computed tomographies (CTs) are very useful, it’s use may have been excessive, eg, 1243 patients at Hospitals in Florida
and Washington, DC, got a median of 45 mSv [units of radiation exposure] of radiation over 5 years: comparing unfavorably with
chest X-rays of only 0.02 mSv each. Dr Brenner of the Columbia University Medical Center also found 1/3 of all CTs in the US were
unnecessary: partly because of inadequate patient doctor communication, let alone the practice of defensive medicine (to avoid being
blamed for missed pathologies). Based on research on 25,000 Japanese post-atomic-bomb survivors exposed to an estimated similar
amount of radiation as 2 CT scans, the US FDA estimated the lifetime risk of developing radiation-induced cancers from the current
practice of CT scanning is roughly 0.05%. For kids the risk is higher, at 0.2%. Clinicians must balance the risks vs the benefits;
patients to avoid requesting CTs: not even when all scanning expenses are well covered. If CTs are mandatory, the use of “low-dose”
CTs should always be considered whenever feasible; use lead aprons to cover all sensitive areas, especially the foetus. Above all, as
the red light indicates X-rays being turned on, never make any attempt whatsoever to enter the room.
ϓ࠴ᄣ̋ٙટաኒඎdԴٙ
᜗ઃᐖٙ༰ˇࠬᎈ̙
ঐϓ
މ
ɓ
౷ཁٙʮ΍਄ੰਪᕚdतй݊ίՅഁʕ
ٙᏐ͜dவɓतࣿɛ໊࿁׵׳࢛ᇞᅂᚤٙઽช
ܓ
݊
ϓɛٙ
10
࠴εdɾ܀ˢӲ܀һઽชfவԴ੻ɛ
׵
CT
ધ౜݊щঐ੄ᄣ̋ᐖस೯षଟٙዄᅊɰʔᓙٙ
ᄣ̋dॸ
ن
̬ৎfᒱ್
ɓϣ
CT
ધ౜ఱኬ
ߧ
ɓ
ɛઃɪᐖसٙ఻ଟʔ
ɽdШ
ڗ
ಂટա༈Ꮸ
ݟ
ഗʮ଺਄ੰ੭ԸٙΚ࢔
ʔׁ࢙ൖf
怎樣防止濫用CT檢
查?
CT
ݟ
࿁ɛ᜗਄ੰϞΚ
࢔dΪϤ
तй
ء
จʔ
ᏺ͜
CT
ݟ
f࠯΋
౤৷ᔼઃᕐ˙࿁Ꮠ͜
CT
ݟ
ቇᏐसٙႩᗆd
CT
Ꮠ͜
ᇍఖձൢᓙतମ׌Ϟɓ֛ٙ҅ࠢ׌dԨ
ڢ
ຬঐfν
࿁঍௅शઃd౷ஷ
X
ᇞᏨ
ݟ
ᄆกϾϞࣖdఱʔ̀௶ग़
CT
iӿᑔʿഥഐͩd
B
൴ձ౷ஷ
X
ᇞᏨ
ݟ
༰؈
λd
Ͼ˲ਂഥʱ
ؤ
ிᅂ̙ࣛкᓙഥ̌ঐઋ
ر
dவ݊
CT
ה
ʔʿٙiޯഢषᜊd
B
൴ࣖ
؈
ʔ፹d͵ʔ̀௶
CT
ٙɽ
ቷf
ᔼ٫
Ϟᘌᔫ߅ኪٙᑗґ
ܠ
ၪ˙
ج
ձཀ೷ٙൢ
ݟ
Ъਿ͉̌dਂՑ˜ɓʲ
މ
əषɛ™dટൢձஈଣषɛ
ࣛdʔ
ա̮
ޢ
Ϊ९ٙ฀ᓔd
ᘌࣸ౛౥
CT
ٙቇᏐ
सf
ઃ٫ʔ
Ϊ
ط
षːʲdׁൖ੬஝ൢᐕҦஔdٛͦ৛
Ӌ৷อҦஔᏨ
ݟ
dһʔ
Ϊʈෆձʮ൬ᔼᐕdʔც
Іʉ઱໐̍dϾ੶Б
Ӌਂ
CT
˸
X
ᇞ࿁Ԓ
᜗ٙෆ࢔Ըᐏ੻ːଣɪ
ٙတԑd੻ʔᎵ̰f
那麽,CT檢查有哪些
需要注意的細節呢?
ڡ
ˇϋe̳੉ʔਂ
X
Έe
C T
ݟ
fΪᏨ
ݟ
शष
ࡡΪϾ̀ც
ਂٙd዆
̳ಂ௰λʔ
൴ࠅ
ཀՇ
ϣfਂ
X
Έe
CT
ܝݟ
1
ä
2
˜
ܝ
ᕿ̳ˢ༰λf
ν
ط
ᐕൢᓙ
Ӌ̀඲ਂ׳࢛׌Ꮸ
ݟ
dᏐ߈Ꮦད
ڭ
ۜ͜fᏐ࿁
ڢ
ա๫௅Зdतй݊׌໗eً͠໗ഃ࿁
X
࢛ᇞˀᏐઽชٙ௅ЗආБԣᚐd߈Ꮦԣᚐண௪dί
ટաᏨ
ݟ
̙ࣛ˴ਗΣᔼ͛౤̈f
׳࢛Ꮸ
ݟ
ࣛd׳࢛܃
ژ
ɪٙᙆѓܸͪዱึ
ڥ
dϤࣛ
ൢ٫dɓ
ܛ
ίԣᚐ
ژ
̮ഃ
ίᏨ
܃ݟ
lzഃ
שࡉ
˪fઃ٫ӚϞतйც
௑ᚐٙઋ
ر
ɨd࢕᙮ʔ
ආɝᏨ
܃ݟ
lz௑Νd˸ಯˇʔ̀
ٙ፧࢛f
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