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THE NEW BORN:
CHARACTERISTICS
AND NURSING CARE
The neonatal period (first month)
represents
a
great physiological change
for
the
new
born
-
the central
nervous
system
is
still
not
fully developed; body
temperature control, sub-optimal;
the
skin, thinner; the capillaries,
richer;
immunity, poor; resistance
to
bacteria,
lower.
Avoid brushing the mouth cavity;
too
high a room
temperature; excessive
shaking; secondhand smoke; flash
photography
etc. Be
gentle when wash-
ing the neonate. Before the umbilical
stump
is
shed, keep it clean and
dry.
Mother's milk
is
best and would also
help
to
boost
the
immunity of
the
neonate. Mild physiological
jaundice
a
few
days
after birth needs
no
specific
treatment.
However,
persistent
or
progressive
jaundice
may
result
in
permanent rigidity (cerebral palsy) and
prompt
treatment
is
required for
prevention. However, as the young has
not
adopted
well to the
surrounding
environment and
the
resistance is
low
take extra
note.
Otherwise,
disease
cannot be prevented and even life
is
threatened. Understanding the
physi-
ological
characteristics
of
the
neonate
goes a
long
way
in
delivering the
best
nursing care for them.
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69
